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Nutrition, 2000 Jan;16(1):50-63.
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Assessment of protein energy malnutrition in older persons, part I: History, examination, body composition, and screening tools.
M. L. Omran, J. E. Morley.
Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, St. Louis VAMC,
Missouri, USA.
Abstract: Protein-energy malnutrition is a prevalent problem in older
persons. Its relation to increased morbidity and mortality has been well
documented. Early recognition of malnutrition allows for a timely
intervention. A large proportion of chronic diseases affecting older persons
can be either prevented or significantly improved by improving nutrition,
which underscores the importance of developing a screening system that can
trigger a more comprehensive evaluation when indicated. Screening for
malnutrition in older persons can be difficult because of the normal
age-related changes in many of the commonly used parameters. A comprehensive
nutritional evaluation includes a complete history and physical examination
in addition to a more specific nutrition-oriented assessment. Specific
nutritional assessment includes estimating food intake, anthropometric
measurements, and evaluation of several biochemical parameters commonly
affected by changes in nutritional status. In this article, we review the
commonly used tools for nutritional assessment in older persons. The goal is
to promote disease-free, active, and successful aging.
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